Documents & manuals
Below are presented all the documents prepared as a part of the survey and processing techniques. They include: - documents contained in the Cases & packages;
- documents planned for inclusion in the packages;
- some documents under development;
- documents describing the ge0mlib functions;
- links to tutorials prepared for students in book format.
The documents are categorised by type of geophysical survey or purpose.
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L01..07 ge0mlib library description |
C01 Navigation & USBL
| Document | Description |
| C01_01_Misalignment USBL&MRU_rev1.3.pdf | The document discusses the use of the gNavTaitLever function from the ge0mlib library in the context of estimating the error in MRU and USBL installation angles based on the position of a fixed target on the seabed. This target may be either a USBL transponder or a seabed feature (a relief feature, an object on the seabed) recorded in the data of SSS or MBES that are installed on a USBL-positioned device. |
| C01_02_Coord USBL vol1_rev1.1.pdf | The document discusses the types of positioning errors associated with USBL and a simple method of estimating the maximum acceptable length of a coordinate's outlier/gap at which interpolation of values within the outlier/gap is permissible. |
| C01_03_Coord USBL vol2_rev1.2.pdf | The USBL-data processing graph is described using the example of processing the coordinates of a towed SSS.
The generalized pre-processing graph can be applied to any measurements received from a time-referenced sensor. Such a device can be a depth sensor, an altimeter or a magnetic field sensor, i.e. a one-dimensional scalar quantity measured along the time axis. However, the main focus is on coordinate processing, which is a two-dimensional scalar quantity defined along the time axis. |
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C02 SBP
| Document | Description |
| C02_01_Pipeline detection_rev1.0.pdf | Pipeline detection using the SBP Innomar SES2000 Medium parametric profiler. Foot-of-trench hyperbola and along-pipe survey features. |
| C02_02_Tides4Soft_rev1.1.pdf | Description of the simple script created to edit text files containing tide data (often such editing is done in Excel, which is time-consuming for the processor). |
| C02_03_Grid2AutoChart_rev1.1.pdf | Description of the script created to solve the following problems:
-- prepare files with depths to seismic surfaces along a given route, in a format suitable for AutoChart software; additionally, the X axis in these files should display the KP (length) values along the route;
-- prepare an image called "Geo-model" that displays horizons (seismic boundaries) plotted based on seismic surfaces. |
| C02_04_Import-export Z using SES Convert and Silas_rev1.1.pdf | There are some issues with applying Z values ("tides") using SES Convert and Silas (software for SBP processing). Several SES Convert bugs and errors in the "local processing manuals" are described.
Some of the conclusions may be inaccurate! Please use this document only in conjunction with document C02_05 to avoid errors. |
| C02_05_SES Convert Zaxis_rev2.0.pdf | This document outlines the settings configured within the SES Convert software for converting *.raw and *.ses3 files (SBP Innomar format) to seg-y format. More specifically, it discusses covers settings related to the position of the SBP transmitter along the vertical Z axis. The following issues are discussed in the document:
-- methods for calculating the SBP transmitter position in the Z-axis;
-- information related to Z-axis elevations that is contained in seg-y files;
-- settings in the SES Convert software related to Z-axis elevations. |
C02_06_User manual Sbp02_rev1.1.pdf
C02_06_Sbp02 ReadMe.mp4 | This document discusses the "Sbp02" script designed for applying Z corrections (SBP transmitter height or "tides") to sgy files. The script enables you to perform the following actions:
-- apply Z corrections from text files to seg-y files;
-- apply a shift for "Delay Recording Time" (range correction) to the seismic section;
-- select a seismic section to view on the SBP track-plot;
-- view a seismic section with "MBES seafloor" (interpolation of coordinates from a pts-file to seismic trace coordinates), while simultaneously viewing MBES data; it is possible to set the sound speed for each SBP section, which affects the position of the seafloor. |
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C03 HR & UHR seismic
| Document | Description |
| C03_01_GeoEel&GeoSense Geom_rev1.1.pdf | This paper describes two scripts that calculate the coordinates of the towed seismic source at the moment of each shot (i.e., the coordinates of the seismic shot-points) and create P1/90 files.
The calculations use Logs from GeoEel and GeoSence (Geo-SenseLW_48ch) seismic stations, as well as a navigation log with the coordinates of the seismic source towing point (recorded in QINSy after 1 second with a timestamp in UTC). The towed seismic source coordinates are calculated as Layback (based on the towing point coordinates and the towing cable length). The coordinates of the seismic shot-points are calculated using linear interpolation of the seismic source coordinates to the shot-time (the shot-time is recorded in the seismic station log and included in the "shot-command" navigation message transmitted to the seismic station). |
| C03_02_gP190 Script Catalogue_rev1.1.pdf | This paper discusses how to use the ge0mlib library functions to work with coordinates contained in Xtf, Jsf, Sgy files. The script performs the following steps:
-- reading Xtf, Jsf, Sgy files from a given folder to obtain the geophysical equipment coordinates written in the file code;
-- creating and saving P1/90 files with the equipment coordinates;
-- creating and saving a text file with coordinates (coordinate catalogue);
-- plotting tracks based on the equipment coordinates in the MatLab/Octave graphics window;
-- creating files with tracks for drawing them in AutoCAD (AutoCAD scripts). |
| C03_03_GeoEel GeomCalc_rev1.0.pdf -- m | This document describes the procedure for calculating the geometry of a 2D High Resolution Seismic marine survey and creating a Nav-merged Sgy. The geometry calculation produces presents the following output results:
-- P1/90 file with seismic source position (and script for AutoCad track-plot);
-- catalogue txt-file with coordinates of source position defined point step;
-- P1/90 file with the 1st CMP position (and script for AutoCad track-plot);
-- catalogue txt-file with coordinates for the 1st CMP position defined point step;
-- txt-file contained the "2D Marine geometry spreadsheet for ProMax" for the seismic source;
-- sgy-file with nav-merged data containing: source/receiver positions and depth, actual sea depth for the survey, guns and seismic birds' own data. |
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C04 SSS
| Document | Description |
| C04_01_SSS processing issues_rev1.0.pdf | This document discusses three questions relating to SSS processing. The first chapter describes Jsf-files concatenation and sonogram processing to create "uniform gain" for a long survey line. The second chapter outlines the specific features of navigation data processing with QINSy Validator and SonarWiz's NavInjectorPro. The third chapter describes navigation data processing based on time-space axes (the MatLab/Octave script is used). |
| C04_02_SSS Heading_rev1.1.pdf | This paper provides a detailed comparison of BTTP and SSS compass headings; it demonstrates that distortions appear due to SSS yaw, which cannot be accounted for the calculation of the heading as BTTP. |
| C04_03_EdgeTech SSAHRS compass description_rev1.0.pdf | This document describes the electronics and command system of the SSAHRS compass (EdgeTech, SSS 4200, 4205). The document is based on information found on the Internet and help-messages from the compass software. |
| C04_04_SSS seabed interpretation in a fishing area_rev1.0.pdf | Short note about Trawl Marks view on SSS data. |
| C04_05_TimestampShift in Jsf_rev1.1.pdf | The script shifts the timestamps in a jsf-file recorded by the SSS 4205 for a defined value. Each jsf-file contains a sequence of "recordings" or "messages" received from different hardware sensors and written to the file in the order they were received. The files contain the following message types 0040, 0080, 0181, 0182, 2000, 2020, 2043, 2060; timestamp shifts are performed for messages 0080, 2000, 2020, 2043, 2060. |
| C04_06_SSS ping density_rev1.0.pdf | The document considers the distance along the survey line that corresponds to one SSS ping (it is referred to as "ping length"). |
| C04_07_Improvement SSS positioning accuracy_rev1.0.pdf | The paper discusses several features that influence the positioning accuracy of objects in SSS sonograms:
-- limitations for different SSS heading estimation methods are formulated;
-- the issue of USBL data "interpolation" for CNV-files is discussed;
-- the influence of the "Time constant for course smoothing" value on positioning accuracy in SonarWiz is also considered. |
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C05 Magnetometry & UXO
| Document | Description |
| C05_01_Noise from ScanFish fasteners_rev1.1.pdf | This paper discusses the anomalous effects produced by metal fasteners installed near magnetic sensors (G882 magnetometer). Two cases are described: (1) the effect of brass bolts, (2) the effect of an aluminium plate. |
| C05_02_Syncro ScanFish vol1_rev1.1.pdf | This document outlines three specific features of how the Scan Fish works:
-- magnetic sensor measurements are time-based by the logging program at the time of data acquisition, rather than by the hardware at the measurement time;
-- the digital channel of data transmission from the magnetic sensor to the recording program may introduce delays;
-- magnetic sensors are not synchronized with each other and perform measurements independently.
These specific features require both additional mathematical processing to bring the magnetometer measurements to uniform timestamps and additional equipment tuning. |
C05_03_Syncro ScanFish vol2 (gMagT13)_rev2.0.pdf
C05_03_Saw-effect slides_rev1.1.pdf
C05_03_MagT13 ReadMe.mp4
C05_03_MagT13 Scheduler.mp4 | The paper discusses how timestamps are processed for marine magnetometry data measured with an array of magnetic sensors installed on ScanFish.
The document considers how to work with the MagT13 script, which is designed for controlling delays in the ScanFish-to-QINSy data transmission channel. It also explains how to apply corrections to delays in the data transmit channel to eliminate the "saw-effect". |
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L01..L07 ge0mlib library description
| Document | Description |
| L01_01_ge0mlib-Installation_rev1.1.pdf | Description of the software installation process and script structure. The document includes the following points:
-- download and install GNU Octave (Windows);
-- download and install additional packages (libraries) for GNU Octave (Windows);
-- download and install the ge0mlib library;
-- download and install Git (Windows);
-- restoring a "snapshot" (commit) of the ge0mlib library using Git;
-- description of the principles of constructing script commands. |
| L01_02_ge0mlib-General description_rev1.0.pdf | General description of the ge0mlib library. The document includes the following points:
-- the stages of geophysical data acquisition and processing (from the ge0mlib point of view);
-- data "Content types" (a "specific content" according to the data structure);
-- predefined field names, postfixes and prefixes;
-- processing-flow as a script. |
| L01_03_gFields-Row content functions_rev1.0.pdf | The set of functions for general manipulating Row-content and RowM-content data. |
| L01_04_gData-Data content functions_rev1.0.pdf | The set of functions for manipulating Matrix-content. The initial set of functions was created for processing SBP section data: each matrix column was considered as a seismic trace (hereafter columns are referred to as a "trace"). These functions were adapted for manipulating Matrix-content data such as SBP-sections, Side Scan Sonar waterfalls, etc. |
| L02_01_gJsf-EdgeTech format_rev1.0.pdf | The set of functions for reading and writing Records/Messages from Jsf-files. These functions are based on EdgeTech's documents: 0004824_REV_1.20, 0004824_REV_1.18, 990-0000048-1000_Revision:1.7/Nov2006 and 0014932_REV_D. |
| L02_02_gXtf-Triton Imaging format_rev1.0.pdf | The set of functions for reading and writing Xtf-files. These functions are based on the paper "Triton Imaging, Inc. eXtended Triton Format (XTF) Rev. 35". |
| L02_03_gSgy-Seg-y format and SBP processing_rev1.0.pdf | The set of functions for reading, writing and manipulating Sgy-files. These functions are designed for marine single-channel seismic (SBP) processing. |
| L03_01_gLog-Serial port data logging_rev1.0.pdf | The set of functions for data logging from a serial port. It includes several Loggers for Windows, that have been programmed in Free Pascal, as well as a number of functions for reading logged data. |
| L04_01_gMapPr-Coordinates transformation_rev1.0.pdf -- chart | The gMapPr library is designed for performing coordinate transformations, such as:
-- converting between different coordinate systems (geographic, rectangular, topocentric and geocentric);
-- calculations for projections (Azimuthal, Mercator, etc.), each of them may include several types of input parameters;
-- transformation between ellipsoids (7-parameter Helmert transformation, polynomial transformations, etc.).
The library aims to perform coordinate transformations on seg-y, jsf, xtf, etc. files directly in Matlab/Octave, thus avoiding the need for external geographic information systems or geodetic calculators. The functions are based on Guidance Note 7-2 of International Association of Oil & Gas Producers: "IOGP Report 373-07-02, EPSG Guidance Note number 7, part 2, July 2024". | L04_02_gMap-Trackplots and planar calculations_rev1.0.pdf | The set of functions for solving simple geometric tasks such as finding the intersection point for a pipeline and survey line, track-plots drawing and removing spikes. |
| L04_03_gMapIoAcad-Generating AutoCAD scripts_rev2.0.pdf -- chart | The set of functions contains MatLab/Octave functions for generating AutoCAD scripts to plot graphics in Autodesk AutoCAD. AutoCAD scripts are text files containing commands for plotting graphical objects using the AutoCAD syntax. |
| L04_04_gMapIoKml-Generating Kml-file_rev1.1.pdf -- chart | The set of functions contains MatLab/Octave functions for generating kml-file, which are used to display graphical objects in Google Earth, Google Maps or any GIS. The library functions write KML text "commands" to a *.kml file. |
| L04_05_gWfr-Georeferenced images and data_rev1.0.pdf | The set of functions was created for manipulating raster data (for example SSS mosaics or pts-files with XYZ-gridded data). gWfr facilitates to convert XYZ-gridded data into a raster-image file and create world-file as well. It also performs basic manipulations on raster and world-files (such as reading, writing, merging, merging palettes, resizing, cutting, etc.). |
| L05_01_gNav-Navigation data processing_rev1.0.pdf | The set of functions for manipulating Navigation data. There are: time/angle transformations, Nod's and Layback calculation. |
| L05_02_gNavP190-Navigation P1_90 format_rev1.0.pdf | The set of MatLab functions for reading and writing UKOOA P1/90 files. These functions are based on IOGP document P1-90, 28 June 1990 and use Record's Type 1 "Grid or geographical coordinates". |
| L06_01_gUhr-Multi channel seismic_rev1.0.pdf | The set of functions for manipulating Digital seismic data (High Resolution, Ultra High Resolution seismic). Currently, the set includes functions for reading Logs from GeoEel, MultiTrace seismic stations and GunLink2000 controllers. The Logs-data are used for calculating the streamer-guns geometry calculation. |
| L07_01_gMagy-Magnetic survey processing_rev1.0.pdf | The set of functions for reading G882 and SeaSpy marine magnetometer/gradiometer files, simple modelling and charting. |
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